Introduction
Sammet Shikhar Parshwanath Tirth is one of the most important and sacred Jain pilgrimage places in India. It is located on Sammet Shikhar Hill (also called Parshwanath Hill) near Madhuban, in the state of Jharkhand.
This holy site is believed to be the place of nirvana (moksha) for 20 out of the 24 Jain Tirthankaras, making it a powerful spiritual destination for both Shwetambar and Digambar Jains.
The Main Idol of Sammet Shikhar Parshwanath
- The Mulnayak (main idol) is of Bhagwan Sammet Shikhar Parshwanath, also called Shamaliya Parshwanath.
- The idol is 79 cm tall, black in color, and shows Parshwanath Bhagwan in Padmasana posture.
- It has a 9-hooded serpent (Sheshnaag) umbrella over the head, a symbol of divine protection.
- The idol is placed in the 18th Toonk (temple) on the hill, which is also called the Jal Mandir because of natural water ponds around it.
Historical Importance
- This tirth is also called Samedgiri, Mallparbat, Samadhigiri, Shikharji, and is now known as Sammet Shikharji.
- It is the Nirvan Bhoomi (liberation site) for 20 Tirthankaras, making every part of the hill spiritually powerful.
- It is said that even touching the soil of this hill removes bad karma, and walking on it gives religious merit (punya).
- In Vikram Samvat 1345, a Shravak named Veerchand, son of Sharandev, got the idol installed with the help of Acharya Parmanandsuriji.
- In V.S. 1822, the present idol was made by Shravak Khushalchand, and installed by Acharya Shri Sakalsuriji.
Miracles and Spiritual Stories
1. Bhomiyaji Maharaj – The Guardian Deity
At the foot of the hill in Madhuban, there is a temple of Bhomiyaji Maharaj. It is believed that every pilgrim must start their yatra by praying to him.
Devotees say that Bhomiyaji protects pilgrims from any harm or difficulties during their journey up and down the hill. His idol is said to be powerful, kind, and miraculous.
Journey to the Hill – The Pilgrimage Path
- The hill stands at a height of 4481 feet above sea level.
- The full journey includes:
- 6 miles to climb up
- 6 miles to visit all 31 Toonks
- 6 miles to descend
- Total = 18 miles (about 28 km)
Pilgrims are advised to carry a torch and walking stick, and wear comfortable shoes. The climb usually begins early in the morning.
The 31 Toonks (Sacred Spots)
- There are 31 sacred spots (Toonks) on the hill.
- At each toonk, footprints of Tirthankaras who attained Nirvana are worshipped.
- Only the 18th Toonk (Jal Mandir) has an actual idol of Shamaliya Parshwanath Bhagwan.
- The 31st Toonk (Meghadambar Toonk) is the highest point of the hill. This is where Bhagwan Parshwanath attained Moksha.
- A two-storey temple stands there with his foot-idols on a stone slab.
Other Temples at the Base – Madhuban
At the foot of the hill in Madhuban, you’ll find:
- 8 Shwetambar temples
- 9 Digambar Terapanthi temples
- 8 Digambar Bisapanthi temples
- 2 Dadawadis
- Temple of Bhomiyaji Maharaj
These temples are built with different architectural styles, and the place is peaceful and full of devotion.
Jain Museum – A Must-Visit Place
Next to the temples in Madhuban is a Jain Museum, built by Shree Jityasha Foundation, Kolkata.
What you can see here:
- A 6-foot idol of Bhagwan Parshwanath in meditation
- A collection of Jain postage stamps from across India
- Ancient Jain art in ivory and sandalwood
- 50 beautiful models showing scenes from Jain history and beliefs
This is the only museum of its kind in India and gives a lot of knowledge about Jainism.
How to Reach Sammet Shikharji
- Nearest railway station: Giridih, 25 km from Madhuban
- By road: Buses and taxis are available from major cities in Jharkhand and Bihar
- Stay & Food: There are many Dharamshalas and Bhojanshalas for pilgrims in Madhuban
Why Visit Sammet Shikhar Parshwanath?
- It is the most important Jain tirth after Shatrunjay and Girnar
- It is the place of Nirvana for 20 Tirthankaras
- The atmosphere is full of spiritual power and calmness
- Many people feel deep peace and devotion here
- It is a place where Jain traditions come alive
FAQs About Sammet Shikharji
What is Sammet Shikharji known for?
It is the Nirvana Bhoomi of 20 Tirthankaras, including Bhagwan Parshwanath. It is the most sacred Jain tirth for all sects.
What is the main idol here?
A 79 cm black idol of Shamaliya Parshwanath with 9 hoods in Padmasana posture, located in the 18th Toonk (Jal Mandir).
How long is the full yatra?
The full yatra is 18 miles (about 28 km) – climbing, visiting all Toonks, and returning.
Can non-Jains visit?
Yes, but they should follow the rules of the place, dress respectfully, and avoid non-veg food.
Is there a place to stay and eat?
Yes. Dharamshala and Bhojanshala facilities are available in Madhuban at the base of the hill.
For an extensive list of Parshwanath temples and their significance, visit the 108 Parshwanath Names List.
